Land Cover

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The DOPA computes global land cover statistics and land cover change statistics at the country, ecoregion and protected area levels for the epochs 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and with a resolution of 300m

 For this purpose, we use the following datasets



The core Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) proposed is developed by the United Nations (UN) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and is given hereafter:

cat_value
 value_description
 R
 G
 B
0
 No data
 0
 0
 0
10
 Cropland, rainfed
 255
 255
 100
11
 Herbaceous cover
 255
 255
 100
12
 Tree or shrub cover
 255
 255
 0
20
 Cropland, irrigated or post-flooding
 170
 240
 240
30
 Mosaic cropland (>50%) / natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<50%)
 220
 240
 100
40
 Mosaic natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (>50%) / cropland (<50%)
 200
 200
 100
50
 Tree cover, broadleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 0
 100
 0
60
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 0
 160
 0
61
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)
 0
 160
 0
62
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open (15-40%)
 170
 200
 0
70
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 0
 60
 0
71
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed (>40%)
 0
 60
 0
72
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, open (15-40%)
 0
 80
 0
80
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 40
 80
 0
81
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)
 40
 80
 0
82
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, open (15-40%)
 40
 100
 0
90
 Tree cover, mixed leaf type (broadleaved and needleleaved)
 120
 130
 0
100
 Mosaic tree and shrub (>50%) / herbaceous cover (<50%)
 140
 160
 0
110
 Mosaic herbaceous cover (>50%) / tree and shrub (<50%)
 190
 150
 0
120
 Shrubland
 150
 100
 0
121
 Shrubland evergreen
 120
 75
 0
122
 Shrubland deciduous
 150
 100
 0
130
 Grassland
 255
 180
 50
140
 Lichens and mosses
 255
 220
 210
150
 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)
 255
 235
 175
151
 Sparse tree (<15%)
 255
 200
 100
152
 Sparse shrub (<15%)
 255
 210
 120
153
 Sparse herbaceous cover (<15%)
 255
 235
 175
160
 Tree cover, flooded, fresh or brakish water
 0
 120
 90
170
 Tree cover, flooded, saline water
 0
 150
 120
180
 Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded, fresh/saline/brakish water
 0
 220
 130
190
 Urban areas
 195
 20
 0
200
 Bare areas
 255
 245
 215
201
 Consolidated bare areas
 220
 220
 220
202
 Unconsolidated bare areas
 255
 245
 215
210
 Water bodies
 0
 70
 200
220
 Permanent snow and ice
 255
 255
 255

Aggregation levels

Using expert's knowledge, we further used 3 aggregation levels the above classes in the following way to ease the interpretation of the main changes. The lowest aggregation level (3) corresponds to the original 22 global classes. The second one (level 2) shows 14 classes and the last one (level 1) covers only 4 classes. The aggregation rules are given hereafter.

lc1_code
 lc1
 lc2_code
 lc2
 lc3_code
 lc3
 lc_code
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 1
 Tree cover, broadleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 50
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 2
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 62
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 2
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 61
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 2
 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 60
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 3
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 72
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 3
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 71
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 3
 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)
 70
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 4
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 82
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 4
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 81
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 4
 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)
 80
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 1
 Tree cover
 5
 Tree cover, mixed leaf type (broadleaved and needleleaved)
 90
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 2
 Shrubland
 6
 Shrubland
 122
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 2
 Shrubland
 6
 Shrubland
 121
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 2
 Shrubland
 6
 Shrubland
 120
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 3
 Grassland
 7
 Grassland
 130
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 4
 Lichens and mosses
 8
 Lichens and mosses
 140
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 5
 Mosaic tree, shrub and herbaceous cover
 9
 Mosaic tree and shrub (>50%) / herbaceous cover (<50%)
 100
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 5
 Mosaic tree, shrub and herbaceous cover
 10
 Mosaic herbaceous cover (>50%) / tree and shrub (<50%)
 110
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 6
 Sparse vegetation
 11
 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)
 153
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 6
 Sparse vegetation
 11
 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)
 152
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 6
 Sparse vegetation
 11
 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)
 151
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 6
 Sparse vegetation
 11
 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)
 150
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 7
 Bare areas
 12
 Bare areas
 202
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 7
 Bare areas
 12
 Bare areas
 201
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 7
 Bare areas
 12
 Bare areas
 200
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 8
 Wetland, tree cover
 13
 Tree cover, flooded, fresh water
 160
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 8
 Wetland, tree cover
 14
 Tree cover, flooded, saline water or brackish water
 170
1
 Natural / semi-natural land
 9
 Wetlands, shrub or herbaceous cover
 15
 Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded, fresh/saline/brackish water
 180
2
 Mosaic natural / managed land
 10
 Mosaic natural vegetation / cropland
 16
 Mosaic natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (>50%) / cropland (<50%)
 40
2
 Mosaic natural / managed land
 10
 Mosaic natural vegetation / cropland
 17
 Mosaic cropland (>50%) / natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<50%)
 30
3
 Cultivated / managed land
 11
 Cropland
 18
 Cropland, rainfed
 12
3
 Cultivated / managed land
 11
 Cropland
 18
 Cropland, rainfed
 11
3
 Cultivated / managed land
 11
 Cropland
 18
 Cropland, rainfed
 10
3
 Cultivated / managed land
 11
 Cropland
 19
 Cropland, irrigated or post-flooding
 20
3
 Cultivated / managed land
 12
 Urban areas
 20
 Urban areas
 190
4
 Water / snow and ice
 13
 Water bodies
 21
 Water bodies
 210
4
 Water / snow and ice
 14
 Permanent snow and ice
 22
 Permanent snow and ice
 220


We use two main scripts to process the data.
  1. esa_script1.sh creates GRASS Location (ESA) based on sampled dataset (ESA LC) with following parameters:
    • EPSG 4326
    • 90,-90, -180, 180
    • e-w resol: 0:00:10
    • n-s resol: 0:00:10
    • cols: 129600
    • rows: 64800
  2. the second script (esa_script2.sh) executes GRASS commands performing the following tasks
    1. create mapsets
    2. allows access to all mapsets
    3. import LC (epochs 1995,2000,2005,2010,2015) in ESALC_1995_2015 mapset
      • assign categories and colors the the imported maps
    4. create LC1 maps as reclass of epoch 1995 and 2015 according to the aggregation level shown above
      • assign categories and colors the the reclassed maps
    5. import WDPA FLAT (six slices) in WDPA mapset (to be updated for each run)
      • patch the six slices in one real global map
      • assign NULL value to 0 value cells; assign category and color to flat WDPA
      • delete the temporay slices of WDPA
    6. Create a GRASS/POSTGIS connection within the mapset POSTGIS